Alzheimer s Effects On The Brain - 1133 Words

Alzheimer’s is a disease where neurotransmitters, acetylcholine, or the brain’s chemicals break connections with other nerve cells causing the cells to die off, the effects of this are irreversible. The loss of these cells result in loss of thinking and language skills, unpredictable behavioral changes and eventually the inability to carry out the simplest tasks. Although there is no known cause for Alzheimer’s, researchers have found a genetic link. Alzheimer’s first symptoms usually appear when a person is between forty and fifty years of age. Alzheimer’s is a devastating disease that initiates in the brain, drastically decreasing the quality of life as well as life expectancy in millions of people around the world. As Alzheimer’s†¦show more content†¦Once the disease hits the hypothalamus life expectancy is greatly reduced because a person becomes unable to tell when they need sustenance. This is all caused by abnormal deposits of proteins from amyloid plaques and tau tangles throughout the brain, and once-healthy neurons stop functioning, lose connections with other neurons, and die (Site this). Finally the brain has shrunk and damage is widespread throughout the brain. Diagnosing the disease is the first step to finding out what do to next. To be diagnosed one must be examined by a doctor who will run many tests. Doctors use several methods and tools to help determine whether a person who is having memory problems has â€Å"possible Alzheimer’s dementia† (dementia may be due to another cause) or â€Å"probable Alzheimer’s dementia† (no other cause for dementia can be found) (Alzheimer s Foundation of America, 2015). A test they use to rule out possible Alzheimer’s dementia is by conducting a memory test with problem solving, attention span, and language. Once they have ruled out possible Alzheimer’s they ask the family about overall medical history, if one is able to carry out actives of daily living and if there has been any behavioral changes, as well as testing the blood and urine to rule out any deficiency a person may have. The last tests performed are the

Literary Analysis The Crucible - 1195 Words

Book Club Paper Throughout American history, no matter what time period, humans have been categorized, discriminated against, and treated according to their class, financial status, and race. Many concrete and obvious examples of this have appeared throughout the years, ranging from the Salem witch trials in the late 1600’s, all the way to the recent civil rights movements in the 1950’s and 60’s. Social history uses personal stories to show how class/status and race played a part in the way people were treated in America. In â€Å"The Crucible†, a play about people being accused of witchcraft in 1692, both class and race played a part in who was accused and executed. The play began when the minister, Parris, catching local girls including his daughter, Betty, dancing at night with the black slave, Tituba. As soon as Betty became ill, Tituba was the first to be accused of witchcraft, and eventually executed. Soon, Tituba and Parris’s niece, Abigail started pointing fingers at many others in the community. Meanwhile, men with wealth or power such as Reverend Parris and Thomas Putnam, were trying to gain wealth and property by accusing others of witchcraft. An example of this was when Thomas Putnam wanted his daughter to accuse George Jacobs of witchcraft so Putnam could get his land. Judge Danforth, the person with the ultimate power, did not seem to seek justice for the powerless who were falsely accused. (Miller) In the early 1900’s, class and socioeconomic status were the mainShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible: a Literary Analysis1275 Words   |  6 PagesThe Crucible: A Literary Analysis In 1692, Salem was populated by Puritans who believed in black-and-white lines between good and evil. The powers of darkness were real forces to them, which could wreak havoc and destruction on society if unleashed. The system of government was that God was the true leader of society, and he expressed his will through the actions of men and women. In the Old Testament, we hear stories of how God led directly through Moses; Salem, likewise, was led through men whoRead MoreThe Crucibles Literary Analysis963 Words   |  4 PagesMichelle Burlaza Mr. Coons American Literature 23 April, 2013 â€Å"The Crucibles† Literary Analysis In the Drama â€Å"The Crucibles† by Arthur Miller, creates an intensifying and motivating situation that keeps readers on their toes eager to find out what happens next. Miller gives a dramatical attitude and emotion in the situation that is scattering in Salem. Miller emphasizes the plot/situation in the text through a few specific characters, their conflicts, and transition of the plot in every actRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller998 Words   |  4 Pagesand spite. The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. 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It shouldn’t be that difficult to believe since Pearl was the result of passionateRead MoreA Cultural Critical Reading Of The Scarlet Letter Essay1711 Words   |  7 PagesThrough a Cultural Critical reading of the Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, it is evident that it is not only great piece of American literature, but also an analysis of Hawthorne’s 18th century knowledge about the culture and society of Puritans. The Scarlet Letter is not really an accurate representation of Puritan culture; however, it does represent how Puritan culture was seen in the 18th century, and to the people in Hawthorne’s period, they were harsh towards women, children, and cruellyRead More Catherine Carbone, a Study of Her Personality and an Analysis of Her1581 Words   |  7 PagesCatherine Carbone, a Study of Her Personality and an Analysis of Her Interaction with Other Characters Throughout the Play Arthur Miller was born in New York City, America, on October 17th 1915. His father, Isidore Miller, was a ladies-wear manufacturer and shopkeeper who was ruined in the depression. The sudden change in fortune had a strong influence on Miller. The family moved to a small frame house in Brooklyn. He spent his boyhood playing football, baseball and reading adventure storiesRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Mind1900 Words   |  8 Pagesthe reader s attention. Nathaniel Hawthorne and Sigmund Freud both share an amazing writing technique, they like to rely on dreams and their imagination to create their famous stories. Psychoanalysis is said to have several different meanings. For literary purposes the best definition as described by Robert Mollinger would be â€Å"a theory of the mind that can serve as an explanatory model for literature†. Nathaniel Hawthorne and Sigmund Freud had the same style of writing, they enjoyed exploring their

Evaluation of the Food Control Systems in Saudi Arabia Free Essays

Introduction According to the World Trade Organisation, Saudi Arabia is a developing country and is part of the Arab Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Due to increased tourism, religious trips, foreign workers, recent food scares, and a high reliance on imported food, the need has arisen for the establishment of a common market and common approach to food control throughout the region. Food Control Management The Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations (2006) defines food control management as â€Å"the continuous process of planning, organising, monitoring, coordinating, and communicating, in an integrated way, a broad range of risk-based decisions and actions to ensure the safety and quality of domestically produced, imported and exported food for national consumers and export markets as appropriate. We will write a custom essay sample on Evaluation of the Food Control Systems in Saudi Arabia or any similar topic only for you Order Now Food control management covers the various policy and operational responsibilities of competent government authorities responsible for food control.† The main food control management board within Saudi Arabia is the Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA). According to the SFDA, their purpose is to regulate, administer, and control all imported and local foods. The SFDA is managed by a Board of Directors that includes ministers from Health, Interior, Rural Affairs, and Agriculture, just to name a few. The Authority is also responsible for all food safety licensing procedures and grants. The SFDA has proposed a two-phased approach to food control management within Saudi Arabia, of which the first phase is set to take place over a five-year period (SFDA, 2011). Whilst the SFDA seems to have a clear plan on how to address food control management within Saudi Arabia, is seems the actual establishment and fulfilment of food control management policies and procedures lies with the Saudi Arabia Standards Organisation (SASO) and can span across many committees, agencies, and administrators, at both federal and local levels (FAO, 2005). This often results in duplication and overlapping of duties, lack of coordination, and information stagnation across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Food Legislation As Saudi Arabia is a member of both the World Trade Organisation and Codex Alimentarius, it has the responsibility of abiding by Codex standards. Whilst some implementation of these standards has taken place within Saudi Arabia, there still exists a disparity of food control procedures within the region. This can largely be attributed to the reasons mentioned above: lack of coordination and information, etc. In recent years Saudi Arabia has worked hard to ratify new food safety laws that cover all foods. There has also been much effort to integrate and coordinate between different agencies both nationally and internationally. For instance, because Saudi Arabia imports a large amount of food products from the United States, in recent years the two countries have worked closely together to establish strict import guidelines and procedures. These guidelines and procedures cover anything from dairy products, eggs, fruits and vegetables, processed foods, to forest products and plants (GAIN, 2009). Recently, SASO has also helped to establish food-labelling requirements for all food and food products sold in Saudi Arabia. Typically food and food products require the following before they can be sold in the Kingdom: certificate of origin, bill of lading, or steamship certificate, insurance certificate and packing list, food manufacturer’s ingredients certificate, consumer protection certificate, and a price list, just to name a few. There are also certain additional requirements for items such as meat, seeds, grains, fruits and vegetables, and livestock (Saudi Network, 2011). Food Inspection and Audit Food inspection and audit is defined as â€Å"the examination of domestically produced or imported food to ensure that it is handled, stored, manufactured, processed, transported, prepared, served and sold in accordance with the requirements of national laws and regulations, thus protecting the health and well-being of consumers† (FAO, 2006). Within Saudi Arabia, food inspection consists mainly of laboratory examination and actual physical investigation of the end product, which is carried out by various authorities. Although the Department of Environmental Foods and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) standards of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) have been introduced within Saudi Arabia, the implementation of such standards is slow. Hygiene requisites are conducted on a random basis through visual inspection of domestic products. More often than not, food inspection officials can be pacified with the presentation of health certificates and facility licenses (Al-Kandari and Jukes, 2009). As mentioned above, Saudi Arabia and the entire GCC region is highly reliant on imported foods. This reliance has brought about the need for increased control and inspection of such foods; however, there has been little increase in the workforce available for such inspections. This results in a large amount of imports going uninspected. Within Saudi Arabia there is also a lack of concise standards around food sampling procedures. This means that food inspection officials are unclear on when to take samples, how many samples to take, and exactly what types of foods need to be sampled. Each of these issues has led to inadequate food inspection and audit systems within Saudi Arabia. Official Food Control Laboratories Official food control laboratories have the responsibility of identifying food contaminants and their sources, whether human or food. These laboratories also provide support for law enforcement, food safety and quality policies and standards (FAO, 2006). Whilst food control laboratories in Saudi Arabia are well equipped and supplied, there exist three main issues concerning such laboratories: inadequately trained analysts, inadequate quality assurance systems, and an overall lack of international laboratory accreditation bodies (Schillhorn van Veen, 2005). The country has done much to address the issue of laboratory analyst training. It has embarked upon a rigorous training program for analysts focusing on imported foods. This will help to improve the knowledge and skills of analysts working in laboratories within Saudi Arabia. Whilst inadequate quality assurance systems and lack of accreditation continues to be a problem in Saudi Arabia, the county is trying to learn from its UAE neighbours. The UAE has already received ISO accreditation for three of its food control laboratories and continues to implement quality assurance systems across the whole of the country. Saudi Arabia is looking to follow the UAE’s lead in this area and is seeking ISO accreditation of its own. In an effort to improve its laboratory food control systems and standards, Saudi Arabia, along with five other countries located in the Middle East and Northern Africa, formed an alliance with the United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) with the intention of improving food and drug laboratory standards and testing systems (Ammari, 2010). Through this alliance the SFDA has agreed to work closely with the USP in improving its food control laboratories. This agreement means that laboratories located in Saudi Arabia will send test results and details to the USP in order to receive feedback and recommendations for improvement. Food Safety and Quality Information As the general economic landscape of Saudi Arabia is changing, so is its food culture. An increase in gross income per capita means that more Saudis are eating out. This has led to an increase in the consumption of processed foods, which in turn leads to an increase in illness due to contaminated foods. As mentioned above, over 30% of food workers in the GCC region are of foreign decent (Al-Kandari and Jukes, 2009). Many of these workers neither read nor speak Arabic or English. This has caused a major problem regarding food handling and preparation. Therefore, there exists a great need for information, education, and communication regarding food safety and quality. To this end, the SFDA has created a website to help educate and provide information to Saudis concerning food safety and quality. The website provides up-to-date, reliable information that is easily accessible to all of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia Food Control Diagram Conclusion Saudi Arabia is a quickly developing nation, however, with this development has also come problems. The food control systems within the Kingdom can be described as substandard and inadequate. Whilst many improvements have been made, Saudi Arabia still has a long way to go in this particular area. The Kingdom’s recent efforts to implement and improve food safety and quality standards, unify all involved parties, and form alliances with other more successful countries is commendable. These efforts need to continue and increase within the Kingdom in order for it to receive accreditation for its food control systems and to ensure the safety of its citizens. References: (2005) National Food Safety Systems in the Near East – A Situational Analysis [online] Available at: ftp://ftp.fao.org/es/esn/food/meetings/NE_wp3_en.pdf [Accessed 04 February 2011] (2009) Department of Environmental Foods and Rural Affairs [online] Available at: www.defra.gov.uk [Accessed 03 February 2011] (2009) GAIN Report [online] Available at: www.chilealimentos.com/medios/Servicios/Normas_internacionales/Norma_otros_paises/Normativa_Arabia_SAudita/Food_and_Agricultural_Import_Regulations_and_Standards_Certification_Arabia_saudita_USDA.pdf [Accessed 04 February 2011] (2011) Food and Agricultural Organisation [online] Available at: www.fao.org [Accessed 03 February 2011] (2011) Saudi Arabia Standards Organization [online] Available at: www.saso.org.sa [Accessed 04 February 2011] (2011) Saudi Food and Drug Authority [online] Available at: www.sfda.gov.sa/En/Home/ [Accessed 03 February 2011] (2011) The Saudi Network [online] Available at: www.The-Saudi.Net [Accessed 04 February 2011] Al-Kandari, D., and Jukes, D.J. (2009) â€Å"A situation analysis of the food control systems in Arab Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries.† Food Control 20,12 1112-1118. Ammari, S. (2010) â€Å"Government drug control laboratories in Middle East and North Africa join USP to launch quality improvement network.’ AME Info, October 2010. Schillhorn van Veen, T. (2005) â€Å"International trade and food safety in developing countries.† Food Control 16,6 491-496. How to cite Evaluation of the Food Control Systems in Saudi Arabia, Essay examples

Superhero True free essay sample

When I was a little boy, I never found Interest In my toys, Cuss there you were across the street, Looking so pretty and soundly so sweet, And I knew that all I wanted to do, Was to be a superhero just for you. I would come to the rescue, Save the day, Id always be there to push you out harms way, And when I felt weak all youd ever have to say, Is I love you, my Superhero True. We will write a custom essay sample on Superhero True or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Oh, we stuck together through the years, I held your hand through the struggles and the fears,But Inside I was feeling caged, Feeling stressed out, and feeling my age, It seemed like we always had a dollar too few, And your superhero blamed it on you. I regretted your rescue, Rued the day, Wished we had gone our separate ways, Feeling sorry for myself so I didnt here you say, l love you, my Superhero True. Oh, I started to drink, I started those fights, Kept the kids up all goddamned night, But I cant believe. I went too bar and got kind drunk, Ended up sleeping with some tall blonde punk,And now I knew that I was screwed, Cuss your Superhero True had cheated on you. I failed at your rescue, Ruined your day, Went and I shoved you Into harms way, And it shattered my heart when I heard you say, So I went and I prayed to god above, I prayed for forgiveness, And I prayed for your love. Cuss I felt like I would tear in two, If I didnt find a way to make it back to you. I wanted to be rescued, Needed to be saved, Wished you would pull my out my ways, I knew I could live on, if you would Just say, l forgive you, you Superhero Fool. And I wish before I would have known, How terrible it feels to be alone, Cuss know Im an old man at the end of my life, Wishing I had you as my wife, But when I wake I dont feel so blue, Cuss, Oh my god, there yea are, Im sleeping next to you! You came to my resc ue, You saved my day, Came and you ripped my out my ways, And when you feel lonely, Ill be here to say, Im your Superhero and I love you. Im youre Superhero, and I love you True.